Sep 21 2010
Hand Painted Furniture – Proper Sanding for Beautiful Results
When I start to create a decorative piece of hand painted furniture, the first question I ask myself is am I going to stain it or paint it? If I’m starting with a piece of new unfinished furniture that has a beautiful wood grain, staining is an excellent option. Staining wood allows the grain to show through and provides additional color and protection for the wood. In order to create a very decorative, colorful, unique piece of hand painted furniture, I may choose to paint the furniture instead of staining it.
In either case, the first and probably most important step is to prepare the wood to take the finish. Whether you are painting or staining the wood, you will want to sand the furniture until the surface is smooth and ready to accept the paint or stain. Always sand in the direction of the grain. I like to use a 220-grit sanding sponge on unfinished wood and follow that up with 320 and finally, a micro sanding grit that really makes the wood satiny smooth to the touch. Once the sanding is finished, you need to vacuum up the sanding dust with a clean brush attachment and then wipe with a lint free soft cloth or brush the surface with a soft brush to eliminate any debris without damaging the wood pores. I don’t recommend using a tack rag because even though it may collect all of the sanding dust, it can interfere with some water based stains or finishes. As long as you’re using an oil based stain, you can use a tack rag if you do it gently so that you don’t damage the wood pores. Now you are ready to either paint or stain.
When you paint a piece of furniture, you will first apply a good wood primer. Valspar makes an excellent wood primer for furniture (Valspar Enamel Undercoater). It dries quickly and sands easily. Did you think you were finished sanding? Not if you want a good finish. After the primer dries, you will notice some rough spots in the wood that the primer has raised. You will want to use a very fine grit to sand these spots smooth. I prefer micro sanding sponges for this step. When all the rough spots have been sanded away, you are now ready to paint. I suggest a good latex paint that takes about 2-4 hours to dry. Most colors require at least two coats of paint on top of the primer to achieve the color you are expecting.
If you are staining the furniture, select a stain that will enhance the grain of the wood. I like to use an oil-based gel stain. It goes on easily with a chip brush or lint free rag, and then you wipe it off gently with a soft lint free cloth so that the wood doesn’t appear wet but only colored. Unlike paint, oil based stain takes much longer to dry, and if you want a darker stain, you need to wait about 24 hours before applying another coat. For many stains, one coat is sufficient.
The last step to achieving beautiful results is to finish the piece with a satin, a semi-gloss or gloss polyurethane. If you used oil-based stain, you should use an oil-based polyurethane. I use a gel poly over the oil-based gel stain and I usually apply three coats. If you have painted the piece of furniture, you still need to finish it with a poly for lasting protection and years of use. The difference is, you must wait about three weeks to let the paint cure before applying the poly. My favorite topcoat for paint is called Minwax Polycrylic Protective Finish. Polycrylic is a waterbased topcoat that results in a beautiful finish that will not yellow or change the color you have painted the wood.
Finally, the secret to a really beautiful finish, whether you choose satin, semi-gloss or gloss is to gently sand away any rough spots with a micro sanding sponge between each coat of poly. The results will be beautiful!
As a small business owner and crafter, Marilyn Mocker is accomplished in the art of wood finishing and has developed a distinctive style in both staining and painting furniture. She has produced colorful designs, utilizing faux painting as well as traditional staining on the pieces she creates. She considers each piece of furniture a blank canvas and when finished, it is one of a kind, a colorful, functional piece of art. Marilyn creates small colorful and often whimsical stools, table and chair sets and hand painted rocking chairs for children. The pieces she creates are shown and sold at craft shows in Pennsylvania and online at http://www.anglerandsillysalmon.com/index.php?p=page&page_id=Hand-Painted-Furniture.